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The horse as a model of naturally occurring osteoarthritis

1. C. W. McIlwraith, BVSc, PhD, DSc, University Distinguished Professor, Barbara Cox Anthony University Chair in Orthopaedics, Director1 ,
2. D. D. Frisbie, DVM, PhD, Associate Professor, Senior Scientist1 and
3. C. E. Kawcak, DVM, PhD, Professor, Iron Rose Ranch Chair in Musculoskeletal Research1

+Author Affiliations

1. ¹Orthopaedic Research Center, Colorado State University, 300 West Drake Road, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA.

1. Correspondence should be sent to Professor C. W. McIlwraith; e-mail:wayne.mcilwraith@colostate.edu

1. Author contributions: C. W. McIlwraith: Writing the paper, Reviewing the final manuscript, Led research
   D. D. Frisbie: Reviewing the final manuscript, Led research
   C. E. Kawcak: Reviewing the final manuscript, Led research

Abstract

Osteoarthritis (OA) is an important cause of pain, disability and economic loss in humans, and is similarly important in the horse. Recent knowledge on post-traumatic OA has suggested opportunities for early intervention, but it is difficult to identify the appropriate time of these interventions. The horse provides two useful mechanisms to answer these questions: 1) extensive experience with clinical OA in horses; and 2) use of a consistently predictable model of OA that can help study early pathobiological events, define targets for therapeutic intervention and then test these putative therapies. This paper summarises the syndromes of clinical OA in horses including pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment, and details controlled studies of various treatment options using an equine model of clinical OA.

• Osteoarthritis
 
• Equine
 
• Experimental model
 
• Diagnosis
 
• Therapy
• Model

Footnotes

• Funding statement: None declared
• ICMJE Conflict of Interest: None declared
• ©2012 British Editorial Society of Bone and Joint Surgery. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attributions licence, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, but not for commercial gain, provided the original author and source are credited.

• Received August 28, 2012.
• Accepted September 24, 2012.

• ©2012 British Editorial Society of Bone and Joint Surgery